Tendenzen und Motive zur Allianz- und Kooperationsbildung in österreichischen Klein- und Mittelunternehmen

In dieser Masterarbeit soll die theoretische Basis für Tendenzen zu Kooperationen von Klein- und Mittelunternehmen in Österreich untersucht und bearbeitet werden. Die Arbeit beginnt mit einer Zusammenfassung der Definitionen von KMU und Kooperationen sowie anderen Formen, wie bspw. Allianzen und Netzwerken. Zusätzlich gibt diese Arbeit einen Einblick über Erfolgs- und Risikofaktoren von Kooperationen für KMU. In Kapitel acht werden Hypothesen bezüglich der Tendenzen zu Kooperationen, mit Hilfe der in Kapitel sechs behandelten ressourcenorientierten Theorie sowie der Transaktionskostentheorie, entwickelt. Mit Hilfe dieser Hypothesen werden bestimmte Faktoren, welche Einfluss auf die Tendenzen von KMU hinsichtlich Kooperationen haben, identifiziert und näher untersucht. Diese Faktoren sind Teil der empirischen Analyse in Kapitel 10. Anschließend werden diese Hypothesen einer Prüfung mit Hilfe der Ergebnisse der Analyse unterzogen. Am Ende rundet eine Zusammenfassung der erbrachten Erkenntnisse und Restriktionen der Untersuchung sowie der Implikationen für das weitere Forschungsverhalten, die Arbeit ab.In this master thesis we will discuss and investigate the theoretical basements of the tendencies of small and medium sized enterprises in Austria towards networks and cooperation. Therefore, the thesis starts with a summary of theoretical definitions about SME and cooperation and alliances with a detailed section about the importance and situation of SME in Austria and an overview about the established and most popular forms of cooperation. Furthermore, this work gives an insight about the factors of success and risks of cooperation for SME. In chapter eight, hypotheses about the tendencies of SME for cooperation and alliance building are developed with the support of the resource based theory, the capabilities based theory and the transaction cost theory. With the help of these hypotheses certain factors, which influence the tendencies of SME concerning cooperation and alliance building, are identified. These factors are part of the statistical analysis held in chapter 10. Furthermore a hypotheses check is followed by an evaluation and interpretation of the results. Last but not least, a conclusion sums up the findings with certain inputs about future research and the limitations of the research done

Virulence characterization and identification of resistant maize lines to Puccinia sorghi Schwein present in the Argentine Corn Belt region

Puccinia sorghi Schwein., the causal agent of maize common rust, is an endemic disease in the Argentine Corn Belt region. Virulence surveys of the pathogen population within the region have not been performed; thus, the understanding of the pathogen population is low and it is difficult to deploy resistance genes that could be effective at controlling the disease. In total, 58 single-uredinial isolates derived from infected maize leaves collected in different locations throughout the Argentine Corn Belt region during 2010 to 2012 were tested on a set of 25 maize lines carrying different Rp genes. Maize lines Rp3-A and PIO19802 showed the lowest virulence frequencies (3.4 and 1.7%, respectively) for all tested isolates. Moreover, the combination in a single genotype of the resistance genes carried by lines Rp3-A and PIO19802 or either of these lines combined with the resistance genes from PIO12345 would confer resistance to all isolates tested. Virulent isolates on maize lines Rp-G, Rp1-K, and Rp-GI were most frequent in 2012. Twenty-four virulence phenotypes were identified, with phenotypes TCCG (17.2%), TTBB (15.5%), and TCFG (10.3%) being the most common throughout the region. Adult plant resistance associated with hypersensitive response was identified at vegetative stage 6 in maize lines PIO68752, PIO28427, and PIO36420.Fil: Darino, Martin Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Rochi, L.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Lia, Verónica Viviana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Kreff, E. D.. Pioneer Hi-Bred International; ArgentinaFil: Pergolesi, M. F.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Ingala, Lorena Romina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Dieguez, Maria Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Sacco, F.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; Argentin